creating-a-smart-search-plug-in

Smart Search plug-ins are gathered together for convenience into a plug-in group called "finder". Take a look in the plugins/finder directory and you will see the plug-ins that support the core Joomla content types. It is best to create your own plug-in by taking a copy of one of these plug-ins and adapting it to meet your specific needs.

All Smart Search plug-ins extend the FinderIndexerAdapter class which contains a good many methods to deal with maintaining the index. For the vast majority of custom content requirements you will only need to override a few of these methods.

There is some additional information on writing a Smart Search plug-in

here.

The principal properties

Before looking at the methods, there are a few properties that need to be set up correctly:

• \$context This should be a unique identifier for the plug-in and establishes the context that the plug-in will respond to (eg. "Content").
• \$extension The name of the extension (component) that handles the content type (eg. "com_content").
• \$layout The sublayout to use when rendering search results. For example, of \$layout is set to "article" then the default view will look for a layout file called default_article.php when it needs to render a search result of this type. If no such file is found then the layout file called default_result.php will be used instead.
• \$table The name of the table to retrieve data from (eg. "#__content").
• \$state_field The database field in your table that the published state of an item is stored in; default's to "state".

The principal methods

The first methods you will want to override when developing a new Smart Search plug-in are the setup, index and getListQuery methods. In the vast majority of cases those three methods will be enough to get your content indexed, although the plug-in will not be complete as there are other methods that must be implemented to deal with issues such as updating the index when the content changes. But those three methods are the working core of the plug-in.

• setup This method is called by the indexer once before an indexing run begins. It can be used to load libraries or initialise variables for the plug-in. Must return true.
• index This is the main method called by the indexer. It is called once for each content item that is to be indexed (or the index updated). The index method essentially describes the content to the indexer by telling the indexer which fields to parse for terms/phrases and their relative weights, which fields to map into branches of the content map and what data to include in the index as "payload". This method is described in more detail later.
• getListQuery This method must return a JDatabaseQuery object that will form the basis of a query that will return a list of objects of the given content type. There are constraints on this query to ensure that it is compatible with other methods used by the indexer. This method is described in more detail later.

Some other methods

For a complete Smart Search plug-in there are a number of other methods you may need to override.

• translateState Given a content item this method translates the native state of the content item into a state that the indexer can use. It must return an integer 0 if the content item is not to appear in search results, or an integer 1 if the content item can appear in search results.
• getURL Returns the non-SEF URL for an item. The default return, using plg_finder_content for example, is 'index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1'.
• getStateQuery This method is used to build a generic query for checking the access and state of items and their parent categories. This method uses the \$table and \$state_field properties to select the correct data.

Event methods

The following methods are called via the Smart Search content plug-in in response to specific trigger events in Joomla.

• onFinderBeforeSave Called in response to an onContentBeforeSave event.
• onFinderAfterSave Called in response to an onContentAfterSave event.
• onFinderAfterDelete Called in response to an onContentDelete event.
• onFinderChangeState Called in response to an onContentChangeState event.
• onFinderCategoryChangeState Called in response to an onCategoryChangeState event.

Methods in more details

getListQuery

This method must return a JDatabaseQuery object that will form the basis of a query that will return a list of objects of the given content type. There are constraints on this query to ensure that it is compatible with other methods used by the indexer. If the following conditions are not true then you will need to override other methods in the FinderIndexerAdapter class.

• The primary database table that is being indexed must have an alias of "a".^[1]

index

This method is called whenever a content item needs to be indexed (or re-indexed). It is passed an object of type FinderIndexerResult and its purpose is to make adjustments to that object and to add metadata before handing control to FinderIndexer::index method to do the indexing proper.

setup

This method is called prior to the index method and is used to set up the index process. In this method is where you would typically include any externally required classes to allow for proper indexing.

FinderIndexerResult properties

• url
• route
• title
• description
• published
• state
• access
• language
• publish_start_date
• publish_end_date
• extension (only used in core for com_categories plugin)

Testing

Testing a finder plugin can be a bit difficult due to the fact that it is typically run using an ajax process, so you don't tend to actually see any results from the process.

As such, one way to test is to use the command line indexer.^[2]

Open a command prompt/ssh session on the server and go to the root directory of the website. From there, you can run the indexer and errors and log messages will go to the screen. php cli/finder_indexer.php

Notes

1. [↑](#cite_ref-1) If this condition is not true you will also have to override the getItem, getUpdateQueryByTime and getUpdateQueryByIds methods
2. [↑](#cite_ref-2) Setting up automatic Smart Search Indexing